The length of time a Bangladesh visa is good for depends on where you apply for it. Visas, on the other hand, are usually good for up to two months and can be used once or more than once. If you overstay your visa, you have to pay a fine of BDT 200 per day for every day you overstayed. The fee is BDT 500 per day if you stay longer than 15 days.
Most likely, you'll need a Bangladesh visa if you want to go to Bangladesh. Few countries don't have to do this, so it's best to check first.
Some countries can get a Bangladesh visa when they get there. Make sure to look at this before you fly. If you get your Bangladesh visa when you get there, make sure you have a printout of your hotel reservation and the right amount of cash.
How long it takes to get a Bangladesh visa depends on which embassy you go to. A regular tourist visa usually takes between one and two weeks to process, but it could take up to a month, depending on the situation.
Yes, you can. To get a Bangladesh Visa extension, you must first fill out an application online (here), then go to the Immigration & Passport Office in Dhaka and pay the required fee.